1747.- DANIELA CARRERO, REVELACION EN EL CICLISMO DEPARTAMENTAL

on
0

Petrochemical Products

on

Petrochemical

                           

Also called petroleum distillates, are chemical products derived from petroleum. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable sources such as corn or sugar cane.

The two most common petrochemical classes are olefins (including ethylene and propylene) and aromatics (including benzene, toluene and xylene isomers). Oil refineries produce olefins and aromatics by fluid catalytic cracking of petroleum fractions. Chemical plants produce olefins by steam cracking of natural gas liquids like ethane and propane. Aromatics are produced by catalytic reforming of naphtha. Olefins and aromatic are the building-blocks for a wide range of materials such as solvents, detergents, and adhesives. Olefins are the basis for polymers and oligomers used in plastics, resins, fibers, elastomers, lubricants, and gels.

Petrochemical Products

Polymers

                           

Polymers are substances containing a large number of smaller, identical molecules (called monomers) linked together. These substances often form into a chain-like structure. Polymers have extremely high molecular weights and the chains may differ from one another in their molecular weights.
Today, the polymer industry has grown to be larger than the aluminium, copper and steel industries combined.
Polymers already have a wide range of applications that far exceeds that of any other class of material available. Current applications extend from adhesives, coatings, foams, and packaging materials to textile and industrial fibers, composites, electronic devices, biomedical devices, optical devices, and precursors for many newly developed high-tech ceramics.

Polyethylene (PE)
  • High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
  • Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)
  • Linear low density Polyethylene (LLDPE)
Polystyrene (PS)
  • High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS)
  • General Purpose Polystryne (GPPS)
  • Expandable Polystyrene (EPS)
Polypropylene
  • HomoPolymers
  • Random Copolymers
  • Heterophasic Copolymers
  • Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)
  • Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR)
  • Polycarbonate
  • Crystal Melamine
  • Epoxy resins
PVC & PET
  • Polyvinyl Chloride
  • Polyethylene Terephthalate (bottle Grade PET)
  • Polyethylene Terephthalate (Textile Grade PET)

Petrochemical Products
                       


Chemicals are substances formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight. They are produced by or used in a reaction involving changes in atoms or molecules.
Generally, "chemicals" refers to a much wider class of substances that includes many mixtures of chemical substances that often find application in many vocations.
There are two major types of chemicals:
 Inorganic Chemicals  are compounds that do not contain hydrocarbon groups.
 Organic Chemicals are compounds containing hydrocarbon groups.
Chemicals are used to make a wide variety of consumer goods, as well as thousands inputs to agriculture, manufacturing, construction, and service industries. 

PRODUCTS
MethanoDi Ethylene Glycol (DEG)- Mono Ethylene Glycol (MEG)- Linear Alkyl Benzene(LAB)- HAB - Crystal Melamine - Epoxy resins - Acetic Acid - TDA- Soda Ash - Sodium Bicarbonate - Sodium Hypochlorite - Chlorine - Tri Ethylene Glycol (TEG)     Chlorine - Sodium Carbonate Heavy - Sodium Carbonate Light - Caustic Soda - Nitrogen - Nitric Acid - Hydrogen Chloride - MTBE - Ethyl Benzene - Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM) - Hexane - Argonne

Fertilizer

                     

Fertilizers are a large number of organic and synthetic materials, spread on or worked into soil to increase its capacity to support plant growth. Fertilizers are divided into two broad groups: organic and inorganic, or chemical. Organic fertilizers are derived from living plants or animal sources. Chemical fertilizers are usually manufactured and have the advantage of low cost. The commonly used synthetic fertilizers consist almost entirely of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in forms that are readily utilized by plants.

Gas-FeedStock


Liquefied Gases & Feedstocks are substances used especially as fuels or as raw materials supplied to processing plant for chemical synthesis. Some hydrocarbons such as ethylene,1,3-butadiene, propane and butane are classified in this category.

 Liquefied Gases & Feedstocks Products:
Propane
Heavy End
Butane
Ethylene
Pentane Plus (C5+)
Raffinate (C6-Non Aromatic)
Dry Pyrolysis Gasoline (DPG)
1,3 Butadiene
C4-Raffinate
Butene - 1
LPG
C4 CUT
Propylene
Polypropylene - PI 080
Ethane
Ethylene Dichloride
Fuel Oil
Propylene (Polymer Grade)
Light End


Aromatics

Aromatics are types of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum, characterized by one or more six-carbon rings (Benzene rings) molecular structure and 'sweet' or aromatic odour.
Benzene, toluene, and xylenes are the most common aromatics, and are extensively used in the chemical industry as chemical feedstocks, solvents, and as additives to gasoline to raise its octane rating.

Aromatic Products:
Benzene
Ortho-Xylene
Para Xylene
Mixed-Xylene
Toluene

Urea 46%


What is Urea?

Urea is an organic compound with the chemical formula CO(NH2)2. The molecule has two —NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group.
Urea serves an important role in the metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds by animals, and is the main nitrogen-containing substance in the urine of mammals. It is a colorless, odorless solid, highly soluble in water, and practically non-toxic (LD50 is 15 g/kg for rats). Dissolved in water, it is neither acidic nor alkaline. The body uses it in many processes, most notably nitrogen excretion. The liver forms it by combining two ammonia molecules (NH3) with a carbon dioxide (CO2) molecule in the urea cycle. Urea is widely used in fertilizers as a source of nitrogen and is an important raw material for the chemical industry.
Friedrich Wöhler's discovery in 1828 that urea can be produced from inorganic starting materials was an important conceptual milestone in chemistry. It showed for the first time that a substance previously known only as a byproduct of life could be synthesized in the laboratory without biological starting materials, contradicting the widely held doctrine of vitalism.
It is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.



Comments

Post a Comment